Effect of Ploughing Depth on the Growth and Yield of Heracleum candicans： a Threatened Medicinal Herb and a Less-explored Potential Crop of the Himalayan Region     

Hemant K. Badola Jitendra S. Butola 《山地科学学报》2005,2(2):173-180

This paper examines the effect of ploughing depths （A -- 60 cm, B -- 45 cm and C -- 30 cm） on the growth and yield of Heracleum candicans Wall （Apiaceae）, a threatened medicinal herb of the Himalayan region. This less-explored plant is being suggested as a potential crop for the mountain agriculture. The study was carried out in an orchard in Himachal Pradesh, India at 2500 m altitude, for two successive growth years. During the first year, all plants remained in juvenile state; in the second year, nearly 65 % plants produced flowers only under 60cm ploughing depth. Among its morphological traits, plant height, collar diameter and aboveground flesh weight were found to be strongly correlated （P 〈 0.01） with the belowground biomass during the first year （r =0.968, 0.925 and 0.973, respectively） and during the second year （r=0.945, 0.928 and 0.775, respectively）. Increase in the ploughing depth was significantly correlated （P〈0.01） with all growth parameters, including the belowground dry weight, marketable portion of the produce. The belowground biomass （commercial yield; 16.28 Qt/hec） at depth A was about 2.6 and 4.7 times higher than those recorded at depths B and C, respectively. The results clearly justify the importance of deep ploughing and this paper strongly recommends it for economically sustainable cropping.  相似文献   

Marine Ecology - A Century of Changes     

Rupert  Riedl 《Marine Ecology》1980,1(1):3-46

Abstract. The major changes within the concepts of marine ecology are investigated, with the aim to design this new journal's scientific format. Four phases of marine sciences are distinguished: the phase of seafarers, of oceanographic expeditions, of marine stations, and of field research. The changes in the latter two are discussed in detail. The changes are described as occurring along three axes. First, as a movement towards the object; accomplished by fieldwork, scientific diving, remote controlled equipment, and by underwater experimentation. Second, the cooperation between several disciplines that led towards bridging gaps. And lastly, how the discovery of unifying principles in ecology (the development of an ecological theory) led the approach in marine ecology towards increasing complexity.  相似文献   

Pitfalls in the estimation of wind wave directional spectra by variational principles     

Jos Ochoa  Oscar E. Delgado-Gonzlez 《Applied Ocean Research》1990,12(4):180-187

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Modelling morphological processes in the vicinity of shore-parallel breakwaters     

Julio A. Zyserman  Hakeem K. Johnson 《Coastal Engineering》2002,45(3-4)

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一种高效率的软件开发方法--以用户为中心的软件开发方法(UCD)     

郑蕾 《海洋技术学报》2006,25(1):54-57

软件开发是海洋监测技术与设备研究与开发的一个重要的环节,软件开发质量的高低直接关系到海洋监测仪器和设备的质量。文中阐释了以用户为中心的软件开发方法的概念、特点以及其实施中的基本原则和关键活动,并对传统的软件开发方法和以用户为中心的软件开发方法进行了比较研究。该方法不仅提高了用户的生产效率和生产质量,而且还减少了企业支持和培训方面的费用,提高了产品和服务的竞争力。  相似文献   

南海毛蚶形态特征对体重的相关分析   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

王辉  刘志刚  符世伟 《热带海洋学报》2007,26(6):58-61

随机选取同龄南海毛蚶Scapharca subcrenata雌性62只、雄性59只,测量壳长、壳厚、壳高、后闭壳肌直径、放射肋数及活体重。采用通径分析方法研究南海毛蚶5个形态特征对体重的总效应,并以综合决定系数为确定形态性状重要性的准则。结果表明,两性中壳厚、壳高和壳长与体重均为正相关(p<0.01),直接和间接途径都不是体重的限制因素。壳厚、壳高的平均综合决定系数分别为0.423和0.412,是影响体重最主要因素且都具有育种意义。  相似文献   

多因子影响的地图居民地自动聚群与综合研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫浩文  应申  李霖 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2008,33(1):51-54

提出了地图综合目的的居民地聚群需要遵循Gestalt的邻近性、相似性和方向性原则,描述居民地结构、形态及其关系需要6个因子,即居民地间的距离、可视区域面积、大小相似度、形状相似度、方向关系、居民地内部方向;进而运用这些原则和因子,给出了居民地的自动聚群和综合方法.  相似文献   

江苏淤泥质潮滩对海平面变化的形态响应   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

杨桂山  施雅风  季子修 《地理学报》2002,57(1):76-84

通过对江苏滨海平原淤泥质潮滩1980年以来19个固定潮滩断面112个测次滩面高程测量的统计分析，探讨典型淤泥质潮滩剖面形态对海平面变化的形态响应过程。结果表明，典型淤涨岸段海平面上升，多年平均潮位线以上滩面仍将淤积加高，但淤高幅度除多年平均高潮线附近滩面相对较大外，其余均较小，表明随海平面上升该滩带总体淤积速率将趋于减小；与此相反，多年平均潮位线以下滩面则趋于蚀低，且侵蚀强度较大，表明该滩带的侵蚀有加剧趋向，最终滩面总体形态将因上带不断淤高和下带不断蚀低而逐渐变陡，剖面上凸形态的曲率不断加大。曲型侵蚀岸段，海平面上升的效应则相反，海平面上升，多年平均潮位线以上滩面强烈蚀低；而多年平均潮位线以下滩面则强烈淤积加高，剖面的上凹形态最终将因上带不断蚀低和下带不断淤高而趋于平直。  相似文献   

三峡库区生态环境约束下的支柱产业选择   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

毛汉英  高群  冯仁国 《地理学报》2002,57(5):553-560

三峡库区具有人地矛盾尖锐，生态环境脆弱，经济基础薄弱等特点，本文提出了三峡库区生态环境约束下支柱产业选择的原则，在此基础上建立了库区支柱产业选择的指标体系，运用层次分析法和投入－产出模型等定量研究方法，通过综合比选，将食品工业，以汽车摩托车零配件为主体的机电工业，以中药材深加工为主的医药工业，新型建材和生态旅游作为三峡库区今后15－20年重点发展的支柱产业，并对选择结果作了分析预测。  相似文献   

Morphological variation and reproductive biology of Polaskia chende (Cactaceae) under domestication in Central Mexico     

Martha Cruz  Alejandro Casas 《Journal of Arid Environments》2002,51(4):561

The columnar cactus Polaskia chende, endemic to Central Mexico, occurs in the wild and in silviculturally managed populations where artificial selection for better edible fruits operates by sparing and favouring desirable phenotypes during vegetation clearance. Wild and managed populations were compared in morphology and reproductive biology to analyse if human selection has influenced phenotypic divergence, if it has modified breeding systems and if reproductive isolation exists between them. Fruits from managed populations were larger (6·36±0·17 cm³), heavier (19·62±1·32), sweeter (9·07±0·25 °Brix), and with thinner peel (2·09±0·13 mm) than those from wild populations (5·77±0·18 cm³, 15·73±0·85 g, 8·23±0·31 °Brix, and 2·58±0·14 mm, respectively). Both population types bloom synchronically, show diurnal anthesis, with bees as the most likely pollinators, and have breeding system predominantly self-incompatible. Spatial and temporal barriers to pollen exchange between wild and managed populations are unlikely, and morphological differences would be related with an ongoing process of artificial selection.  相似文献